Sexual and Psychological Violence Among Pregnant Women in Tigray, Ethiopia
Girmay Adhena,
Lemessa Oljira
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 6, November 2020
Pages:
96-101
Received:
19 September 2020
Accepted:
30 September 2020
Published:
4 November 2020
Abstract: Background: Violence against women is a global concern and it is high in Africa particularly in Ethiopia. However, the attention given to this issue is less. This study aimed to assess sexual and psychological violence among pregnant women in Tigray, Ethiopia. Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional survey was done among 476 pregnants. Study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Pretested, structured, and interview was done using a standardized questioner. Logistic regression analyses (bivariable and multivariable) were done to identify associated factors. The odds ratio of 95% was used to show the strength and variables with p-value<0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: About 30.3% women were experienced sexual and psychological violence. Sexual violence (15.5%), and psychological violence (22.7%). Having alcohol drinker husband [(AOR=3.15, 95% CI: (1.92, 5.18)], undesired pregnancy by husband [(AOR=3.68, 95% CI: (1.54, 8.78)], having another wife [(AOR=4.87, 95% CI: (2.07, 11.5)], unplanned pregnancy [(AOR=3.46, 95% CI: (1.51, 7.95)], low decision making capacity of women [(AOR=2.99, 95% CI: (1.85, 4.82)] and having medium economic status [AOR=0.53, 95% CI: (0.31, 0.92)] were significantly associated factors. Conclusion: Near to one –third of pregnant women experienced sexual and psychological violence during a recent pregnancy. Strengthening women's, empowerment and encouraging inter-spousal communication to enhance relationships, and to make join reproductive decisions are crucial to reducing violence during pregnancy.
Abstract: Background: Violence against women is a global concern and it is high in Africa particularly in Ethiopia. However, the attention given to this issue is less. This study aimed to assess sexual and psychological violence among pregnant women in Tigray, Ethiopia. Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional survey was done among 476 pregnants. Study p...
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Research on the Influence of Working Hours on Obesity of Urban Workers in China
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 6, November 2020
Pages:
102-107
Received:
21 October 2020
Accepted:
30 October 2020
Published:
9 November 2020
Abstract: Background: China's obesity rate has grown "explosively" in the past few decades, and overtime work has become the norm for urban workers in China. It is of great significance to investigate the influence of working hours on obesity in order to prevent obesity and regulate the labor market. Methods: Based on the 2018 China Family Panel Studies, this paper first uses the logit regression method to investigate the effect of working hours on obesity of urban workers in China, and then uses the intermediary effect model to investigate the intermediary effect of weekly exercise time and sleep time. Finally, heterogeneity was analyzed for different gender and income groups. Results: (1) Urban workers who work more than 40 hours a week are more likely to be obese than those who work less than 40 hours a week. (2) The Mediator Model found that: in the conduction mechanism of working hours affecting obesity, week exercise time (less than 30 minutes per day) and sleep time (less than 8 hours per working day) both serve as a mediator, and the mediating effect of exercise time is greater than that of sleep time. That means, working more than 40 hours a week cannot only directly increase the risk of obesity among urban workers, but also indirectly increase their risk of obesity by reducing their exercise time and working-day sleep time. (3) A heterogeneity regression analysis found that, compared with urban workers who work less than 40 hours a week, working more than 40 hours a week has a greater impact on obesity among women and low-income groups. Conclusions: The above studies show that, obesity as a complex multifactorial disease, not only genetic, dietary and environmental factors should be taken into account, but also employee week work hours should be considered as a potential risk factor.
Abstract: Background: China's obesity rate has grown "explosively" in the past few decades, and overtime work has become the norm for urban workers in China. It is of great significance to investigate the influence of working hours on obesity in order to prevent obesity and regulate the labor market. Methods: Based on the 2018 China Family Panel Studies, thi...
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